ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the different change in atherosclerosis between apolipoprotein E knockout ( ApoE-/-) mice and low density lipoprotein receptor knockout ( LDL-R-/-) mice in different diet by vivo ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM) . Methods Thirty-two 8 weeks age ApoE-/- mice and twenty-eight 20 weeks age LDL-R-/- mice were selected ,and each mouse model were divided into four groups randomly according to weight . Two groups of each model were fed with normal diet for 8 weeks and 16 weeks respectively as general groups ,and two other groups were fed with west diet as high-fat groups . Intima-media thickness ( IM T ) in the aortic root of all groups were assessed by Vevo 770 UBM , and all measurementsofUBMwerecomparedwithhistopathologyandblood-fat.Results ①Thickenwallor plaque in aortic root showed by UBM and histopathology could be found in ApoE-/- mice in all diet conditions ,but the changes in LDL-R-/- mice only could be found in high-fat diet conditions;② IM T of ApoE-/- mice measured in histopathology were significantly higher than LDL-R-/- mice in all diet condition ( P<0 .05) ,but in UBM ,the IMT of ApoE-/- mice showed significantly higher than that of LDL-R-/- mice only in general diet groups and 8 weeks high-fat diet group ( P <0 .05) ;③In blood-fat ,the total cholesterol ( TC) in ApoE-/- mice were significantly higher than that of LDL-R-/- mice in all diet conditions ( P <0 .05) . But triglyceride ( TG) was higher only in general diet when it was compared between ApoE-/- mice and LDL-R-/- mice . Conclusions It is recommend to select ApoE-/- mice as animal model in atherosclerosis study rather than LDL-R-/- mice ,because the higher serum TC and higher susceptible of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice . The west diet is necessary if LDL-R-/- mice was used to atherosclerosis study .
ABSTRACT
Objective: The modulatory effects of nociceptin/orphanin FQ ( OFQ) on acupuncture ( EA, a odern version of acupuncture)-induced analgesia are still controversial. Transgenic OFQ knock-out mice rovide us a useful tool to investigate the role of endogenous OFQ in EA analgesia. The present tudy aims to investigate the role of OFQ in the EA-induced analgesia with OFQ knock-out mice. ethods; Acupoints were selected as "Zusanli" (ST36) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP6) , EA parameters were as ollows; constant current output, rectangular (square) wave pulses, increased intensities of 0. 5, 0. 7,0. 9 mA with stepwise fashion, 10 min for each intensity, frequency of 100 Hz (with 0. 2 ms as ulse width) or 2 Hz ( with 0. 6 ms as pulse width). Tail flick latency (TFL) evoked by radiant heat was used to evaluate the change of pain threshold before, during and after EA application. Thenock-out mice were divided randomly into 3 groups; needling control, EA at 100 Hz and 2 Hz. ild-type mice of litter-mates of were used as Control. Results: It was found that OFQ knock-out mice had a longer basal ther-mal threshold; EA had enhanced analgesic effect in the knock-out mice than in wild-type Control mice. Conclusion: Endogenous OFQ might be algesic in basal condition and antagonize EA analgesia.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the role of Schwann cells apoptosis in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune neuritis(EAN) in TNF receptor Ⅰ knock out(TNFR Ⅰ-/-)mice.Methods For induction of EAN,TNFRⅠ-/- and wild type C57BL/6 mice were immunized by subcutaneous injection into the back with the peripheral nerve P0 protein peptide 180-199;clinical scores of EAN were assessed and scored immediately before immunization(day 0) and thereafter every other day until day 46 post immunization(p.i.).On day 22 p.i.,Schwann cells were collected from the two groups and cultivated in vitro.The expressions of Fas and Annexin-Ⅴ(Annexin-Ⅴ+/PI-)on Schwann cells from TNFRⅠ-/-and wild type EAN were detected by flow cytometry.Results More light clinical signs of EAN were observed in the TNFRⅠ-/-mice(1.50?0.19) than in wild type mice(1.90?0.16);the percentage of Fas expression on Schwann cells was significantly decreased in TNFRⅠ-/-mice(88.03%?1.40%)as compared with wild type mice(94.70%?1.53%)(P